by VIVEK GITE on MARCH 12, 2008
Q. How do I redirect stderr to stdout? How do I redirect stderr to a file?
A. Bash and other modern shell provides I/O redirection facility. There are 3 default standard files (standard streams) open:
[a] stdin – Use to get input (keyboard) i.e. data going into a program.
[b] stdout – Use to write information (screen)
stderr – Use to write error message (screen)
Understanding I/O streams numbers
The Unix / Linux standard I/O streams with numbers:
| Handle | Name | Description |
| 0 | stdin | Standard input |
| 1 | stdout | Standard output |
| 2 | stderr | Standard error |
Redirecting the standard error stream to a file
The following will redirect program error message to a file called error.log:
$ program-name 2> error.log
$ command1 2> error.log[/code]Redirecting the standard error (stderr) and stdout to file
Use the following syntax:
$ command-name &>file[/code]
OR$ command > file-name 2>&1[/code]
Another useful example:# find /usr/home -name .profile 2>&1 | more[/code]Redirect stderr to stdout
Use the command as follows:
$ command-name 2>&1[/code]Joel G Mathew, known in tech circles by the pseudonym Droidzone, is an opensource and programming enthusiast.
He is a full stack developer, whose favorite languages are currently Python and Vue.js. He is also fluent in Javascript, Flutter/Dart, Perl, PHP, SQL, C and bash shell scripting. He loves Linux, and can often be found tinkering with linux kernel code, and source code for GNU applications. He used to be an active developer on XDA forums, and his tinkered ROMS used to be very popular in the early 2000s.
His favorite pastime is grappling with GNU compilers, discovering newer Linux secrets, writing scripts, hacking roms, and programs (nothing illegal), reading, blogging. and testing out the latest gadgets.
When away from the tech world, Dr Joel G. Mathew is a practising ENT Surgeon, busy with surgeries and clinical practise.
